Policy, is the force that moves nations. Since all circumstances or important decisions, go through a political move. And is that a democratic government depends on the policy, in order to exercise authority and make decisions on behalf of citizens.
As mentioned, the policy is related to the exercise of power, which should lead to the common good of the people. Since politics is a branch of ethics. Which studies to straighten human acts. In order to discern between what is right and what is not. It is therefore, that the policy belongs to the range of the study of ethics. Since politics is done by human actions, free and voluntary. And being part of the branches of philosophy, politics must have an ultimate end. And this according to Thomas, is the common good. Unlike the public good. Since the common good, seeking the good of all and of each whole. This, as human beings, it is considered an intrinsically worthy. Therefore, he must be considered as a universe in itself or a whole. And society being composed of various all, well, the policy seeks the good of all those all into a whole that is society.
Parents of politics, are the Greeks, and the cradle of the same is the city of Athens. Already in the V century ad, the Greeks practiced politics. Where the ruling regime was full democracy. That is, the populate, was who pulled the strings of the nation. That is why we created the Acropolis, or citadel, where people of the village, taking direct vote, decisions concerning the administration of the city. Practice, which developed gradually, until the Romans took as regime republics. Democratic society, if you want to say, in which the people involved, under the representation of the elders of the people. Who ensured the decision making regarding all concerning the administration of Rome.
In politics, you should always ensure, for the common good. The good of all. Therefore, is that the means used in politics, are fundamental. Since they can not be tainted. It does not matter, the media type that is used in politics to an end. Do not think of politics as the conception of Machiavelli. In other words, the end justifies the means. In politics, that slogan can not or should not operate. Because if the means to an end, are intrinsically evil, well, so more good it is, will be flawed. For this reason, elected officials, should be chosen to have a straight path, within the policy. They should be people whom they could imitate, for the rest of society. A sample of righteousness and decency against citizens. Otherwise, people or corrupt authorities, which vitiate the media and improperly exercising the power given to them by the people, the safe way, is to end widespread corruption of politics. There will be no common good, but good for some, for those close to those authorities.
Thus, as at least he understands politics in democratic nations. Since democracy is government of the people. In other words, citizens elect steadily to the authorities that they are representing. But that representation is for the benefit of voters and not on its own accord. It is therefore, that in politics, you must be informed and aware of the same in terms of all its edges.
Now, those called to exercise policy are political parties. Organized groups of people, looking through the law, exercising power in a country. Thus, it is these political parties engaged politics, called to offer the various authorities, that the people will go to choose, to represent them. And it is these authorities, especially the executive government, who shall hold, the use of legitimate force, as it has been the people, who with their vote, have been given the use of it. That is why it is said, that the government, using legitimate force as it is legitimized by the people through elections.
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